Hydraulic motor.



No. 728.987. PATENTED MAY 26, 1903.

' H. F. SAWTELLE.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATBNTED MAY 26, 1903.

H. F. SAWTELLE.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 N0 MODEL.

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Vlitmsscs:

i: nonms PETERS cc No. 728,987. PATENTED MAY 2 6, 1903.

- H. F. SAWTBLLE.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED mm 21, 1902.

N0 MODEL. s SHEETS-SHEET a UNITED STATES Patented May 26, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

' HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

SEECIFLCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 728,987, dated May 26,1903. Application filed June 21, 1902. SeriaINO. 1 12,613. (No model.)

State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Hydraulic Motors, of which the following, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

Myinvention relates to hydraulic motors; and it consists in certainnovel features of construction, arrangement, and combination of parts,which will be readily understood by reference to the description of theaccompanying drawings and to the claims hereto appended and in which myinvention is clearly pointed out.

Figure l of the drawings is a plan of a ma chine embodying my invention.Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same looking in the direction indicated bythe arrow at on Fig. 1. 'Fig. 3 is an elevation lookingin the directionindicated by the arrow 1) on Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a partialelevation looking in the direction indicated by the arrowc on Figs. 1and 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of the main frame, the cutting planebeing on line AA on Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan of the sameframe, the cutting plane being on line B B on Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is alongitudinal section of the grip-operated sleeve and the driving bevelgearwheel. Fig. 8 is a transverse section of the same on line C C. Fig.9 is an elevation of one of the grip-levers. Fig. 10 is a section online D D on Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a front elevation of the valve-casing andits supportingstand with valves removed. Fig. 12 is a sectional sideelevation of thesame with caps and valves shown in section on line GrGoon Fig. 11. Figs. 13 and 14 are sections on lines E E and F F,respectively, on Fig. 12; and

Figs. 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 are details of the valve-casing caps, drawnto enlarged scale. Fig. 20 is apartial plan illustrating a modificationof the arrangement of the shaft to be driven relative to the operatingmechanism. Figs. 11, 12, 13, and Mare also drawn to an enlarged scale.

In the drawings, 1 represents a bed-plate, upon which are erected theseveral parts of the machine. 2 is the main frame or stand,having formedin one piece therewith or secured thereto the two jack-cylinders 3 and 4and is provided at its upper end with the bearing 5, in which ismounted, so as to be revoluble therein, the sleeve 6, which has formedupon or firmly secured to one end thereof the bevel gear-wheel 7 and theseries of clutch-teeth 8, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The sleeve 6 has mounted therein one end of the shaft 9 to be driven,which has other suitable bearings, one of which is shown at 10, saidshaft having loosely mounted thereon, so as to be freely revoluble aboutits axis in either direction, the bevel gear-wheel 11, the hub of whichis also provided with a series of clutch-teeth 12, the shoulders ofwhich face in opposite directions to those on the gearwheel 7. The gears7 and 11 are connected by the intermediate gear-wheel 13, mounted upon afixed stud set in the stand 14, as shown in Fig. 1.

The shaft 9 has mounted thereon between the gears 7 and 11 theclutch-sleeve 15, provided at each end with clutch-teeth to alternatelyengage the clutch-teeth on the said gears 7 and 11, said clutch-sleeve15 being connected to the shaft 9 by a spline and groove in a well-knownmanner, so that it maybe moved endwise on said shaft, but must revolvetherewith.

The clutch-sleeve 15 is provided with a circumferential groove 16,withwhich the forked end of the shipper lever 17 engages as a means ofmoving it endwise on said shaft whenever it may be desired to reversethe motion of said shaft 9.

The jack-cylinders 3 and 4: have mounted therein the pistons 18 and 19,respectively, the upper ends of which are connected by suitable linkswith the free or movable ends of the friction grip-levers 20 and 21,respectively, the hub end of which has formed therein a chamber, in theinner surface of which is formed an eccentric surface 22, joiningaradial surface 23, wherebya curved wedge-like pocket 24 is formed, inwhich is placed a hardened-steel roll 25, resting upon the periphery ofthe sleeve 6 andoperating substantially as in said Patent No. 660,131,

before referred to.

The pistons 18 and 19 have firmly secured to their upper ends andpendent therefrom the toothed racks 26 and 27, respectively, said racksbeing fitted to and movable endwise in vertical grooves 28 and 29,respectively, formed in'the outer surfaces of the cylinders 3 and 4, theteeth of said racks engaging the teeth of the spur gear wheel 30 uponopposite sides thereof, all as shown in Figs. 1, 4, 5, and 6.

The gear-wheel 30 is firmly secured upon one end of the horizontal shaft31, mounted in hearings in the frame 2 and having secured upon itsotherend the bevel-pinion 32, the teeth of which engage the teeth of thebevel-gear 33, firmly secured upon the shaft 34, mounted in suitablefixed bearings and carrying the two-armed lever 35, the end of each armof which is provided with a laterally-projecting stud 36, as shown inFigs. 1, 2, and 3. a

As shown in the drawings, the shaft 34 has its hearings in the stands 37and 38, secured to and projecting from the main frame or stand 2, asshown. The stand 38 has formed in one piece therewith or secured theretothe valve-casing 39, provided with two tapered perforations 40 and 41,(see Figs. 11 and 12,) in which are fitted the two plug-valves 42 and43, respectively, said plugs being connected together by the spur-gears44 and 45, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

The valve-casing 39 is provided with four ports 46, 47, 48, and 49,extending transversely through the same in pairs, one pair, 46 and 47,being arranged in a horizontal plane cutting longitudinallythrough theaxis of the tapering perforation 40, and the other pair, 48 and 49,being in like manner arranged in the plane of the axis of the taperedperforation 41, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12.

The valve-casing 39 has secured to its front side the cap 50, havingformed in its inner face two chambers 51 and 52, separated by ahorizontal partition 53, so arranged that the chamber 51 incloses andcommunicates with one end of each of the ports 46 and 47, and thechamber 52 incloses and communicates with one end of each of the ports48 and 49. (See Figs. 12, 13, and 14.) In like manner the valve-casinghas secured to its rear face the cap 54, in the inner face of which isformed two chambers 55 and 56, separated by a vertical partition 57.(See Figs. 12, 15, 16, and 17.)

The valve 42 has firmly secured thereto the two-armed lever 58, theend'of each arm of which is provided with a laterally-projecting stud orlug 59, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

Each of the valves 42 and 43 is provided with two lateral perforationsand 61' or 62 and 63, the two perforations in each valve being arrangedat such an angle to each other that when one of said perforations is inline with one of the ports of the casing 39 that bisects the axis ofsaid valve the other of said perforations will be out of alinement withthe other of said ports, and in order to reverse the motions of thepistons 18 and 19 an alternating oscillating motion is imparted to saidvalves just sufficient to close the open passages through said valvesand open those previously closed. This is accomplished by means of thetwo-armed lever 58 and the weighted lever 64, which is pivoted to theupper-end of the valve-casing 39 and normally resting upon one or theother laterally-projecting stud 59 in a slightly-inclined position withits free end the lowest, as shown in Fig. 3, said lever being providedwith the adjustable weight 65, mounted thereon in any wellknown manner.

Each of the valve-casing caps 50 and 54 is provided with a projectingarm 66, which serve to limit the vibration of the two-armed lever 58 ineither direction.

The laterally-projecting studs at the ends of the arms of the levers 35and 58 extend across the plane of movement of the lever 64, as shown inFigs. 1 and 2.

The stand 10, in which the shaft 9 has one of its bearings, is providedwith an arm 67, upon which the shipper-lever 17 is pivoted, and a curvedor segmental arm 68 is secured to said stand and has formed in its upperedge two shallow notches 69 to receive the handlearm of saidshipper-lever to lock it at either extreme of its movement. 3

A double-acting pump 70, constructed and operating substantially asdescribed in said prior patent, supplies asuitable liquid to thejack-cylinders 3 and 4 to alternately raise the pistons 18 and 19, andthus cause intermittent vibrations of the friction grip-levers 20 and 21and corresponding movements of the sleeve 6 about its axis. A pipe 71communicates at one end with the interior of the deliverychamber of saidpump at its base and at its other end with the interior of the chamber51 in the cap 50, and a pipe 72 communicates at one end with theinterior of the reservoir or liquid-supply chamber of said pump near itstop and at its other end with the interior of the chamber52 of the cap50. A pipe 73 communicates at one end with the interior of the chamber55 in the cap 54 and at its other end with the interior of thejack-cylinder 3 beneath its piston 18, and a similar pipe 74communicates at one end with the chamber 56 in the cap 54 and at itsother with the interior of the jack-cylinder'4 beneath its piston 19, asshown.

The pump isshown as arranged to be operated by hand; but it may beoperated in any other well-known manner.

The operation of myinvention is as follows: The several parts of themachine being in the positions shown in the drawingsthat is, with thepiston 18 raised to the extreme of its upward movement and the piston 19depressed to the extreme of its downward movement and the valves 42 and43 being set as shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14, so that communication isopen between the chambers 51 and 56 through the valve 42 and between thechambers 52 and 55 through the valve 43if the pump be operated with thereservoir properly charged the liquid will be forced through the pipe71, the chamber 51, through the ports 46, through passage 60 of thevalve 42 into the chamber 56, and thence through the pipe 74 to theinterior of the cylinder 4' beneath its piston 19, and forces saidpiston and its rack 27 upward, thereby moving the outlet the grip-lever21 upward and causing it to grip the sleeve 6 and impart to it amovement about its axis to a limited extent, which motion is impartedthrough the gear-wheels 7,11, and 13 and the clutch-sleeve 15 to theshaft 9 to partially rotate it in a direction opposite to the motion ofthe sleeve 6. The upward movement of the rack 27 causes a partialrotation of the gear-wheel 30, its shaft 31, and the bevel-pinion 32.The gear-wheel by its engagement with the rack 26when rotated by theupward movement of the piston 19 moves the piston 18 downward, therebyforcing the liquid contained in the cylinder 3 through the pipe 73, thechaniber55, the ports 49,uthe passage 63, through the valve 43, the

chamber 52, and the pipe 72 into the reservoir of thepump 70. As thepiston 19 and rack 27 moveup rward and the gear 30, withits shaft andthe pinion 32, is rotated the bevelgear-wheel 33 and the two-armed lever35 are moved about the axis of the shaft 34. The innerarm of the lever35 actsvupon the lever 64 to move its free and weighted end upward andoutward about its pivotal connection until it has moved sufficientlypasta perpendicular position for the force of gravity acting thereon tocause it to fall outward and downward, in which downward movement saidlever strikes the lateral stud on the outer arm of the lever 58 withsufficient force to depress it intocontact with a stop 66 and moves thevalves 42 and 43 about their axes of motion to close the passages 60 and63 through said valves and open the passages 61 and 62 through saidvalves 42 and 43, respectively, which instantly changes the current ofmoving liquid set in motion by the operation of the pump, the liquiddischarged by said pump being forced through the pipe 71 to the chamber51 through the port 47, valve-passage 61, and pipe 73 to the interior ofthe cylinder 3 beneath its piston 18 to force said piston and its rack26 upward, thereby causing the friction grip-lever 20 to engage thesleeve 6 and continue its mo tion in the same direction as before, whilethe motions of the gear-wheel 30, its shaft, the bevel-pinion 32, thegear-wheel 33, and the two-armed lever 35 are reversed and the lever 64,with its weight 65, is moved upward and inward by the action thereon ofthe outer arm of the lever 35, the piston 10 at the same time beingmoved downward by the action ofthe gear 30 upon the rack 27,therebyforcing the liquid in the cylinder 4 through the pipe 74, the chamber56, the casing-port 48, the valve-passage 62, the chamber 52, and thepipe 72 to the interior of the pump-reservoir. When the piston 19 hascompleted its downward stroke,the lever 64 will have been moved inwardsufficiently beyond a perpendicular position for the action of gravityto cause moved from the position shown in Fig. 1 of i the drawings intoa position in engagement with the notch 69, thereby causing the clutchsleeve to be engaged by the clutch-teeth 8, connected to the bevelgear-wheel 7, when the shaft 9 will be revolved in the same direction asthe sleeve 6.

In Fig. 20 a modification of my invention so far as relates to therelative arrangement of the driving mechanism and the driven shaft isshown, in which the sleeve 6 is omitted, and the grip-levers actdirectly upon the shaft 9, upon which the bevel gear-wheels 7 and 11 areloosely mounted, so as to be freely revoluble in either directionthereon, and the gear 13 is firmly secured upon the shaft 75 to bedriven.

I claim- 1. In a hydraulic motor, the combination with the shaft to berevolved, of a sleeve mounted loosely on said shaft, a bevel gearwheeland a series of clutch-teeth carried by said sleeve; a second bevelgear-wheel mounted loosely on said shaft; an intermediate bevelgear-wheel engaging both of said beforementioned gear-wheels; aplurality of friction grip-levers mounted loosely on said sleeve andconstructed and adapted to automatically couple said levers to saidsleeve when moving in one direction,and to uncouple the same when movingin the other direction; a plurality of hydraulic jack mechanismsarranged in fixed positions at one side of said sleeve and shaft; meansconnecting the pistons of said jack mechanisms; a clutch-sleeve fittedto said shaft between the gears on said shaft and sleeve and movableendwise of and revoluble with said shaft; means for moving III 0 saidclutch-sleeve endwise on said shaft to 7 cause it to couple either oneor the other of said gears to said shaft according to the direction thatit is desired to revolve said shaft; and means for forcing liquid intothe cylinders of said jack mechanisms beneath their pistons.

2. In a hydraulic motor, the combination withashaft to be rotated, ofapair of jack-cylinders arranged in fixed positions at one side of saidshaft; a pair of levers mounted loosely being arranged withtheir'toothed sides facing each other; a spur gear-wheel located betweensaid racks and engaging the teeth thereof upon opposite sides of itsperipheryso "that. the outward movement ofonepi'ston' will cause aninward movement of the other piston; means for forcing a liquid,alternately, intoeach of said cylinders beneath its piston, to force itupward; a valve mechanism for "con-v trolling the flow of said liquid;and means; oomprisinga weighted lever operated by grav- I ity, forinstantaneously reversing said valve mechanism.

3. In a hydraulic motor, the combination with the mechanism'to beoperated thereby, j of a plurality of hydraulic jack mechanisms arrangedin fixed and parallel positions, and to act alternately; a pendent rackattachedto the upper end of each piston of said jack mechanisms; agear-wheel arranged between said racks and engaged on opposite sides by'said racks to compel the pistons'o'f a'pa'ir to move in oppositedirections; a double=acting pump; pipes leading from said pump to theinteriors of said cylinders beneath "their pistons; a pair ofoscillating valves constructed and arranged, the one to control the'fiow'of the liquid from said pump to said cylinders and the other tocontrol thereturn-of the-liquid fromsaid cylinders to said pump; a pairof spur gear-wheels connecting said valv'es to cause them to rotate inunison; and means, comprising a weighted lever, "for automatically, andinstantaneously reversing said valves,and consequently the flowof'theliquid. 1

and'movable endwise in each of said cylin-- ders; a toothed rackattached to and pendent from the upper end of each of said pistons;

the gear-Wheel 30 mounted on one end of the "shaft 31 and engaging bothof said racks as set forth; the bevel-pinion 32 on the other end of saidshaft 31; the valve-casing 39 provided with ports 46, 47, 48 and 49; thevalves 42 and 43 provided respectively with the transverse passages 60and 61, and 62 and 63, the passages in each valve being arranged atadifierent angle to a longitudinalplaneas shown; the spurgea'rs 44 and 45carried by said valves; the twoarmed lever 58, secured to the valve 42;the weighted lever 64; the bevel gear-wheel 33 mounted upon any suitablebearing and engaged by the pinion 32; and the two-armed lever 35'allconstructed arranged and operating substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses,-on this 19th day of June, A. D.1902.

HENRY F. sAWTELLE.

Witnesses:

N. G. LOMBARD, J. H. STEVENSON.

